Fluid resuscitation in traumatic haemorrhage.

Fluid resuscitation in traumatic haemorrhage.

The introduction of on-scene blood transfusion in a civilian physician-led pre-hospital trauma service

Background London’s Air Ambulance (LAA) teams attend over 2000 trauma missions per year. Ten percent of patients suffer from serious haemorrhage. Since 2008, physician-led pre-hospital teams have activated “Code Red – massive haemorrhage protocol” pre-alerts to the Major Trauma Centres in London.[1] A significant number of seriously injured patients die at the scene of the incident. Major haemo...

Autoradiographic determination of regional cerebral blood flow and metabolism in conscious rats after fluid resuscitation from haemorrhage with a haemoglobin-based oxygen carrier.

The effects of resuscitation fluids on the brain have been investigated in previous studies by global measurements of cerebral blood flow and metabolism. In this study we have examined the effects of a novel haemoglobin-based oxygen carrier on local cerebral blood flow (LCBF) and local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) after resuscitation from a volume-controlled haemorrhage of 30 min (3.0 ml...

Crystalloid infusion rate during fluid resuscitation from acute haemorrhage.

BACKGROUND Information is lacking concerning optimal infusion rates of crystalloid during resuscitation from acute haemorrhage. In this study, a mathematical model was used to predict infusion volume of crystalloid needed to restore and maintain blood volume after acute haemorrhage. METHODS The scenario was a haemorrhage of 15 ml kg(-1) over 30 min in a 70 kg man. A bolus of crystalloid was a...

Role of permissive hypotension, hypertonic resuscitation and the global increased permeability syndrome in patients with severe haemorrhage: adjuncts to damage control resuscitation to prevent intra-abdominal hypertension

Secondary intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) are closely related to fluid resuscitation. IAH causes major deterioration of the cardiac function by affecting preload, contractility and afterload. The aim of this review is to discuss the different interactions between IAH, ACS and resuscitation, and to explore a new hypothesis with regard to damage control...